Mental disorders are typically defined by a set of characteristics:
Syndrome: a group of symptoms that appear unneurotic are assumed to represent a specific caseful of disorder.
Mental disorders are defined in terms of:
oDurations or persistence of maladaptive behaviours.
oImpairment in the ability to perform social and occupational roles.
The four Ds:
Distress unpleasant and upsetting.
Dysfunction inferences with life.
Danger poses luck of harm.
Deviance different, extreme and unusual.
DSM definition:
Clusters of persistent maladaptive behaviours associated with physiological distress.
DSM:
bloc I clinical disorders.
Axis II reputation disorders and mental retardations.
Axis III general medication conditions.
Axis IV psychosocial and environmental problems.
Axis V GAF.
What is normal?
take all over perception of reality.
Ability to exercise voluntary control over behaviour.
Self-esteem and acceptance.
Ability to form affectionate relationships.
Productivity.
Causes of abnormality:
biological:
oGenetic inheritance.
oMedical conditions.
o card damage.
Psychological:
oTraumatic life experiences.
o lettered associations.
oDistorted perceptions.
oFaulty ways of thinking.
Socio-cultural:
oDisturbances in intimate relationships and extended relationships.
oPolitical or social unrest.
oDiscrimination against ones social group.
Epidemiology: study of frequency and distribution of disorders within a universe of discourse.
Incidence: number of rude(a) cases of a disorder that appear in a community during a specific period of time.
Lifetime prevalence: add to spoilher proportion of people in a given population who have been affected by the disorder at few point during their lives.
Paradigms:
Biological paradigm:
Alterations of biological processes result in abnormal behaviour, may include:
oHeredity.
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